As a parent of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), you've likely encountered numerous claims about special diets and nutritional approaches that promise to improve symptoms or even "cure" autism. While nutrition is undoubtedly important for overall health and well-being, it's crucial to separate fact from fiction. This blog post aims to address some common myths about nutrition and autism, providing evidence-based information to help you make informed decisions about your child's diet.
One of the most persistent myths is that eliminating gluten (a protein found in wheat, rye and barley and foods made from them such asbread, pasta and breakfast cereals) and casein (a protein found in dairyproducts such as milk, cheese and yogurt) from a child's diet can cure autismor significantly reduce symptoms.
Reality: While some parents report improvements in their children's behaviour on a GFCF diet, scientific evidence supporting itseffectiveness is limited and inconsistent. A comprehensive review of 14 studies published in ‘Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders’ found no clear evidencethat GFCF diets are effective in improving ASD symptoms[1].
It's important to note that some children with ASD may havegenuine gluten or dairy intolerances, which could cause discomfort and potentially affect behaviour. However, these intolerances are not the cause ofautism itself.
Some proponents claim that high doses of vitamin B6 and magnesium can dramatically improve autism symptoms or even cure the condition.
Reality: While these nutrients are important for overallhealth, there is no strong scientific evidence supporting their use as atreatment for autism. A Cochrane review of three clinical trials found nosignificant improvements in autism symptoms with vitamin B6 and magnesium supplementation[2].
However, there is some evidence that vitamin D and omega-3 supplements can help with mood or attention in autistic children [6;7]
It's often claimed that all children with autism have gastrointestinal (GI) problems that necessitate special diets or interventions.
Reality: While some children with ASD do experience GI issues, it's not universal. A study published in JAMA Psychiatry found thatchildren with ASD were more likely to have certain GI symptoms compared totheir typically developing peers, but not all children with ASD experienced these issues[3]. Each child's nutritional needs should be assessed individually, ideally with the help of a registered dietitian familiar with ASD.
Many parents believe that sugar intake leads to hyperactivity in children with autism.
Reality: Scientific studies have not found a consistent linkbetween sugar intake and hyperactivity in children, with or without autism. Ameta-analysis published in the Journal of the American Medical Associationconcluded that sugar does not affect children's behaviour or cognitiveperformance[4]. However, a balanced diet with limited added sugars is still recommended for overall health.
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Some alternative therapies claim that certain supplementscan "detoxify" children with autism, removing heavy metals or otheralleged toxins from their bodies.
Reality: There is no scientific evidence supporting the useof detoxification therapies for autism. Moreover, some of these treatments can be dangerous. The American Academy of Paediatrics warns against the use ofchelation therapy, a type of detoxification treatment, due to its risks andlack of proven benefits[5].
While nutrition plays a vital role in overall health anddevelopment, it's crucial to approach dietary interventions for autism withcaution and scepticism. Always consult with healthcare professionals, includinga registered dietitian and your child's doctor, before making significantchanges to your child's diet.
Remember that every child with autism is unique, and whatworks for one may not work for another. Focus on providing a balanced, nutritious diet that meets your child's individual needs, and be wary of claims that seem too good to be true.
